Worldwide, more than 400 million people are living with diabetes, and disease prevalence is expected to rise to 1 in 10 adults by 2040. Furthermore, complications related to diabetes result in 1.5 million deaths worldwide each year. The prevalence of diabetes in Pakistan is 9.8%, with the disease affecting males and females nearly equally (10.0% and 9.7%, respectively). Pakistan, which has the seventh highest prevalence of diabetes worldwide, is expected to experience further rises in the disease with advancing urbanization and associated factors of unhealthy lifestyle, genetic predisposition, and maternal and fetal malnutrition. Recent increases in prevalence can also be attributed to reduced physical activity, obesity, and increased caloric intake. Rising smoking rates among Pakistani adults have also contributed to the increased prevalence of diabetes. Furthermore, environmental pollution and consumption of high-caloric and high-fat food likely contribute to the increasing incidence of diabetes in Pakistan.