Clinical pharmacy practices in Pakistan: a system-level approach beyond curriculum reforms

Volume 4
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Pages 1-
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2025
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Extract

Pharmacy worldwide has moved steadily away from a product-centered trade toward a patient-centered profession in which pharmacists interact directly with patients, contribute to prescribing decisions and give clinical advice. In keeping with this shift, the Pharmacy Council of Pakistan (PCP) and the Higher Education Commission (HEC) have revised the Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm D) curriculum over successive versions. These reforms are welcome, yet translating them into competent clinical practice within the healthcare system remains a considerable task. The updated curriculum now allocates clinical and hospital practice hours for undergraduates in real settings; however, the small number of clinical pharmacists working in the health system makes it difficult to supervise and deliver this training so that the intended outcomes can be achieved. The extent to which pharmacy schools are meaningfully integrated with community pharmacies, hospitals and manufacturing units and how far students are actually absorbed into these settings also need careful evaluation. A further concern is the heavy course load: students must complete extensive theory and laboratory hours for every subject, which can crowd out genuine participation in clinical practice. If the reforms are to produce professionally mature pharmacists equipped with clinical skills, the PCP and the HEC will need to address these structural barriers and evaluate the outcomes of the revised Pharm. D curriculum in a timely way.

Supplementary materials

The following supporting information can be accessed through the embedded link(s): Supplementary Table/Figure S1. [Table/Figure Caption]; and Supplementary Table/Figure S2. [Table/Figure Caption].

Author contributions

Conceptualization, XX, and YY; methodology, XX; software, XX; validation, XX, YY, and ZZ; formal analysis, XX; investigation, XX; resources, XX; data curation, XX; writing—original draft preparation, XX; writing—review and editing, XX; visualization, XX; supervision, XX; project administration, XX; funding acquisition, YY. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
The author himself/herself wrote and revised the manuscript.

Publication history

Received Revised Accepted Published
14 July 2025 18 November 2025 01 December 2025 03 December 2025

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