Differences in anxiety and subjective sleep among medical students in two curricular models: a comparative study

Volume 4
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2025
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Author contributions

Conceptualization, SHRN, AN, AH, KA, SM, RF, and ZI; methodology, SHRN, and AN; software, AN; validation, SHRN; formal analysis, AN, AH, KA, SM, RF, and ZI; investigation, AH, KA, SM, RF, and ZI; resources, SHRN; data curation, AN; writing—original draft preparation, AH, KA, SM, RF, and ZI; writing—review and editing, SHRN, and AN; visualization, AN; supervision, SHRN; project administration, AN. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Publication history

Received Revised Accepted Published
31 August 2025 11 December 2025 27 December 2025 31 December 2025

Funding

This research received no specific grant from the public, commercial, or not-for-profit funding agencies.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Data availability

The data supporting this study's findings are available from Syed Hyder Raza Naqvi upon reasonable request.

Acknowledgments

None.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Copyright

© 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) Li­cense. The use, distribution, or re­production in other forums is per­mitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or re­production is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

Publisher's note

Logixs Journals re­mains neutral concerning jurisdic­tional claims in its published subject matter, including maps and institutional affiliations.


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